APRIL 2011
Question 5
a) Give two (2) reasons why the Solomon Four-Group designs provide the most controls for internal and external validity? (10 marks)
The Solomon Four-Group designs provide the most control for internal and external validity because it combines the pretest/posttest comparison group and the posttest-only control group design. In the Solomon four-group design, a training group and a comparison group are measured on the outcomes both before and after training.
Pretest/posttest comparison group refers to an evaluation design that includes trainees and a corporation. If improvement is greater for the training group then the comparison group, this finding provides evidence that training is responsible for the change. This type of design controls is already known for most of the threats to validity as it provide a baseline or pretraining measure of the outcome. The comparison between posttraining and pretraining measures can indicate the degree to which trainees have changed a result of training.
Pretest/posttest comparison group refers to an evaluation design that includes trainees and a corporation. If improvement is greater for the training group then the comparison group, this finding provides evidence that training is responsible for the change. This type of design controls is already known for most of the threats to validity as it provide a baseline or pretraining measure of the outcome. The comparison between posttraining and pretraining measures can indicate the degree to which trainees have changed a result of training.
The posttest-only design refers to an evaluation design in which only post-training outcomes are collected. The posttest-only design is appropriate when trainees (and the comparison group, if one is used) can be expected to have similar levels of knowledge, behavior, or results outcomes (eg: same number of sales, equal awareness of how to close a sale, prior to training)
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